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For fluid power, a working fluid is a gas or liquid that primarily transfers force, motion, or mechanical energy.In hydraulics, water or hydraulic fluid transfers force between hydraulic components such as hydraulic pumps, hydraulic cylinders, and hydraulic motors that are assembled into hydraulic machinery, hydraulic drive systems, etc.
Flow rate may refer to: . Flow measurement, a quantification of bulk fluid movement; Mass flow rate (ṁ or μ), the mass of a substance which passes per unit of time; Volumetric flow rate (Q or ˙), the volume of fluid which passes per unit time
Like any fluid, air may exhibit both laminar and turbulent flow patterns. Laminar flow occurs when air can flow smoothly, and exhibits a parabolic velocity profile; turbulent flow occurs when there is an irregularity (such as a disruption in the surface across which the fluid is flowing), which alters the direction of movement.