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Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
A magnetorheological fluid (MR fluid, or MRF) is a type of smart fluid in a carrier fluid, usually a type of oil. When subjected to a magnetic field, the fluid greatly increases its apparent viscosity, to the point of becoming a viscoelastic solid. [1]
For two-phase flow in porous media given steady-state conditions, we can write = =, where is the flux, is the pressure drop, is the viscosity.The subscript indicates that the parameters are for phase .
A Newtonian fluid is a fluid in which the viscous stresses arising from its flow are at every point linearly correlated to the local strain rate — the rate of change of its deformation over time.
Compressible flow (or gas dynamics) is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with flows having significant changes in fluid density.While all flows are compressible, flows are usually treated as being incompressible when the Mach number (the ratio of the speed of the flow to the speed of sound) is smaller than 0.3 (since the density change due to velocity is about 5% in that case). [1]
Falling film evaporators have a number of advantages over their flooded evaporator counterparts. They require a lower charge, as the entire shell (in the case of horizontal evaporators) or all the tubes (in the case of a vertical evaporator) need not be filled with liquid as a thin film is
In fluid dynamics, inviscid flow is the flow of an inviscid fluid which is a fluid with zero viscosity. [1]The Reynolds number of inviscid flow approaches infinity as the viscosity approaches zero.
A computer simulation of high velocity air flow around the Space Shuttle during re-entry A simulation of the Hyper-X scramjet vehicle in operation at Mach-7. The fundamental basis of almost all CFD problems is the Navier–Stokes equations, which define many single-phase (gas or liquid, but not both) fluid flows.