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1820 – André-Marie Ampère, professor of mathematics at the École Polytechnique, demonstrates that parallel current-carrying wires experience magnetic force in a meeting of the French Academy of Science, exactly one week after Ørsted's announcement of his discovery that a magnetic needle is acted on by a voltaic current. [17]
First in Europe to describe the magnetic compass and its use in navigation. 1269: Pierre de Maricourt: Published the first extant treatise on the properties of magnetism and compass needles. 1550: Gerolamo Cardano: Wrote about electricity in De Subtilitate distinguishing, perhaps for the first time, between electrical and magnetic forces. 1600 ...
The discovery of electromagnetic induction was made almost simultaneously, although independently, by Michael Faraday, who was first to make the discovery in 1831, and Joseph Henry in 1832. [77] [78] Henry's discovery of self-induction and his work on spiral conductors using a copper coil were made public in 1835, just before those of Faraday.
Antoine Lavoisier publishes Traité Élémentaire de Chimie, the first modern chemistry textbook. It is a complete survey of (at that time) modern chemistry, including the first concise definition of the law of conservation of mass, and thus also represents the founding of the discipline of stoichiometry or quantitative chemical analysis. [42 ...
James Clerk Maxwell FRS FRSE (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish physicist and mathematician [1] who was responsible for the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, which was the first theory to describe electricity, magnetism and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon.
Calibration removes the need to know the density of the sample. Variable temperature measurements can be made by placing the sample in a cryostat between the pole pieces of the magnet. [1] The Evans balance. [2] is a torsion balance which uses a sample in a fixed position and a variable secondary magnet to bring the magnets back to their ...
Some view the birth of quantum chemistry in the discovery of the Schrödinger equation and its application to the hydrogen atom in 1926. [citation needed] However, the 1927 article of Walter Heitler and Fritz London [107] is often recognised as the first milestone in the history of quantum chemistry.
The idea that the legend of Magnes the shepherd could be the origin of magnet, et al., and the legend itself has been criticized. Pliny's story is characterized in Gillian Turner's book North Pole, South Pole: The Epic Quest to Solve the Great Mystery of Earth’s Magnetism (2011) as "no doubt embellished by centuries of retelling."