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  2. Water cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_cycle

    Subsurface water may return to the surface (e.g. as a spring or by being pumped) or eventually seep into the oceans. Water returns to the land surface at lower elevation than where it infiltrated, under the force of gravity or gravity induced pressures. Groundwater tends to move slowly and is replenished slowly, so it can remain in aquifers for ...

  3. Settling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settling

    Settling pond for iron particles at water works. Settling is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment.Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force.

  4. Body of water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_of_water

    Some bodies of water collect and move water, such as rivers and streams, and others primarily hold water, such as lakes and oceans. Bodies of water are affected by gravity, which is what creates the tidal effects. [3] The impact of climate change on water is likely to intensify as observed through the rising sea levels, water acidification and ...

  5. Mass wasting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting

    Mass wasting is a general term for any process of erosion that is driven by gravity and in which the transported soil and rock is not entrained in a moving medium, such as water, wind, or ice. [2] The presence of water usually aids mass wasting, but the water is not abundant enough to be regarded as a transporting medium.

  6. Sediment transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment_transport

    In this equation w s is the sediment settling velocity, g is acceleration due to gravity, and D is mean sediment diameter. is the kinematic viscosity of water, which is approximately 1.0 x 10 −6 m 2 /s for water at 20 °C.

  7. Gravity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity

    In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight' [1]) is a fundamental interaction primarily observed as a mutual attraction between all things that have mass.Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 10 38 times weaker than the strong interaction, 10 36 times weaker than the electromagnetic force, and 10 29 times weaker than the weak interaction.

  8. Newton's law of universal gravitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal...

    Before Newton's law of gravity, there were many theories explaining gravity. Philoshophers made observations about things falling down − and developed theories why they do – as early as Aristotle who thought that rocks fall to the ground because seeking the ground was an essential part of their nature. [6]

  9. Convection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection

    As it travels poleward, warm water transported by strong warm water current undergoes evaporative cooling. The cooling is wind driven: wind moving over water cools the water and also causes evaporation, leaving a saltier brine. In this process, the water becomes saltier and denser and decreases in temperature.