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The parai used in Sri Lanka is a double-sided drum compared to a skinnier one-sided drum used in Tamil Nadu. [17] The Parai similar to the one used in Tamil Nadu is known by the name of Thappu in Sri Lanka. [17] Based on usage, Ariparai (Ari meaning bird in Tamil) was used to alert the birds nesting in the fields to fly to safety before ...
The mridangam is a double-sided drum whose body is usually made using a hollowed piece of jackfruit wood about an inch thick. The two mouths or apertures of the drum are covered with a goat, cow or buffalo skin and laced to each other with leather straps along the length of the drum.
Robert Caldwell, a nineteenth-century missionary and grammarian who worked in South India, was in agreement with some Indian writers of the same period who considered the name to derive from the Tamil word parai (drum).
Chennakeshava Temple, 12th century A.D. Goddess playing an hourglass drum, possibly an udukai. Chande; Davul; Kachhi Dhol; Nagara – pair of kettledrums; Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums; Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks; Sambal; Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks; Tamak' Tasha ...
The name Paraiyar is thought to be derived from the word "parai" (ancient war-drum). [2] [3] In contrast to the South Indian parai, which is a skinny one sided frame drum, the parai played by the Sri Lankans is large, stocky and double sided (resembling the Dhol). [4]
This drum is widely believed to possess supernatural and sacred powers. When played in religious ceremonies and processions, the performance of specific beats on the urumi may induce spirit possessions or Trance. The urumi is also played in the South Indian state of Kerala, which borders Tamil Nadu.
In the 1880s, Manpoondia Pillai was a temple lantern-bearer who sought to study drumming. He modified the kanjira to a frame drum with a single pair of jingles and brought the instrument to a classical stage. [1] [2] [3] It is used primarily in concerts of Carnatic music (South Indian classical music) as a supporting instrument for the mridangam.
In ancient Tamilakam (Tamil country) [3] melams were used for all the occasions in temples (Kovil Melam, Naiyandi Melam, [4] Urumi Melam), [5] marriages (Ketti Melam), functions, [6] and funerals (Parai Melam). In Kerala, the most traditional of all melams is the Pandi Melam, which is generally performed outside the temple.