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In radiative equilibrium, a planet's outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) must balance the incoming stellar flux. The Stefan–Boltzmann law is an example of a negative feedback that stabilizes a planet's climate system. If the Earth received more sunlight it would result in a temporary disequilibrium (more energy in than out) and result in warming.
Warming and cooling of air are well balanced, on average, so that the atmosphere maintains a roughly stable average temperature. [46]: 139 [63] Effect on surface cooling: Longwave radiation flows both upward and downward due to absorption and emission in the atmosphere. These canceling energy flows reduce radiative surface cooling (net upward ...
Extrasolar planets – methane was detected on extrasolar planet HD 189733b; this is the first detection of an organic compound on a planet outside the solar system. Its origin is unknown, since the planet's high temperature (700 °C) would normally favor the formation of carbon monoxide instead. [ 154 ]
Jupiter on Saturday will shine at its brightest for the year, as Earth’s orbit swings our planet between Jupiter and the sun. Weather permitting, the gas giant will not only be brighter than ...
The Earth’s albedo has been declining since the 1970s, according to the report, due in part to the melting of light-colored snow and sea ice, exposing darker land and water which absorb more of ...
Jupiter was the first of the Sun's planets to form, and its inward migration during the primordial phase of the Solar System affected much of the formation history of the other planets. Jupiter's atmosphere consists of 76% hydrogen and 24% helium by mass, with a denser interior.
As the latest report from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change makes clear, while the planet has so far seen an average temperature rise of 1.2 degrees Celsius and will ...
Ordovician–Silurian extinction event, in two bursts, after cooling perhaps caused by tectonic plate movement 450: Andean-Saharan glaciation: 360–260: Karoo Ice Age: 305: Cooler climate causes Carboniferous rainforest collapse: 251.9: Permian–Triassic extinction event: 199.6: Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, causes as yet unclear 66