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Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) is a multiplexing technique defined by ITU-T G.7041. This allows mapping of variable length, higher-layer client signals over a circuit switched transport network like OTN , SDH / SONET or PDH .
Transport of a timing transparent transcoded (compressed) 1000BASE-X signal [8] or a stream of packets (such as Ethernet, MPLS or IP) using Generic Framing Procedure: ODU1: 2.49877512605042: Transport of two ODU0 signals or a STS-48/STM-16 signal or a stream of packets (such as Ethernet, MPLS or IP) using Generic Framing Procedure. ODU2: 10. ...
List comprehension is a syntactic construct available in some programming languages for creating a list based on existing lists. It follows the form of the mathematical set-builder notation (set comprehension) as distinct from the use of map and filter functions.
The codes that represent the 12 special non-data characters are called the control (K) codes. All of the codes can be described by stating 3 octal values. This is done with a naming convention of "Dxx.x" or "Kxx.x". (Note that the tables in earlier sections are using decimal, rather than octal, values for Dxx.x or Kxx.x) Example:
The STM-1 frame is transmitted in exactly 125 μs, therefore, there are 8,000 frames per second on a 155.52 Mbit/s OC-3 fiber-optic circuit. [nb 1] The STM-1 frame consists of overhead and pointers plus information payload. The first nine columns of each frame make up the section overhead and administrative unit pointers, and the last 261 ...
CRC-based framing is a kind of frame synchronization used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and other similar protocols. The concept of CRC-based framing was developed by StrataCom, Inc. in order to improve the efficiency of a pre-standard Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) link protocol. This technology was ultimately used in the principal ...
For examples of this specification-method applied to the addition algorithm "m+n" see Algorithm examples. An example in Boolos-Burgess-Jeffrey (2002) (pp. 31–32) demonstrates the precision required in a complete specification of an algorithm, in this case to add two numbers: m+n. It is similar to the Stone requirements above.
In computer networks, a syncword, sync character, sync sequence or preamble is used to synchronize a data transmission by indicating the end of header information and the start of data. [ citation needed ] The syncword is a known sequence of data used to identify the start of a frame, and is also called reference signal or midamble in wireless ...