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  2. Gastrointestinal physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_physiology

    The digestive system has a complex system of motility and secretion regulation which is vital for proper function. This task is accomplished via a system of long reflexes from the central nervous system (CNS), short reflexes from the enteric nervous system (ENS) and reflexes from GI peptides working in harmony with each other. [4]

  3. Enteric nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteric_nervous_system

    Layers of the Alimentary Canal.The wall of the alimentary canal has four basic tissue layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The enteric nervous system in humans consists of some 500 million neurons [11] (including the various types of Dogiel cells), [1] [12] 0.5% of the number of neurons in the brain, five times as many as the one hundred million neurons in the human spinal ...

  4. Human digestive system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system

    The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.

  5. Gut–brain axis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gut–brain_axis

    The enteric nervous system is one of the main divisions of the nervous system and consists of a mesh-like system of neurons that governs the function of the gastrointestinal system; it has been described as a "second brain" for several reasons. The enteric nervous system can operate autonomously.

  6. Enterogastric reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterogastric_reflex

    The enterogastric reflex is one of the three extrinsic reflexes of the gastrointestinal tract, the other two being the gastroileal reflex and the gastrocolic reflex. [1] The enterogastric reflex is stimulated by duodenal distension. [2]

  7. Gastrointestinal tract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_tract

    The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus , stomach , and intestines .

  8. Neurogenic bowel dysfunction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurogenic_bowel_dysfunction

    The enteric nervous system directly controls the gut motility, whereas the extrinsic nerve pathways influence gut contractility indirectly through modifying this enteric innervation. [3] In almost all cases of neurogenic bowel dysfunction it is the extrinsic nervous supply affected and the enteric nervous supply remains intact.

  9. Phases of digestion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phases_of_digestion

    The nervous system, and endocrine system collaborate in the digestive system to control gastric secretions, and motility associated with the movement of food throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including peristalsis, and segmentation contractions.