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A variety of musical terms are encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings.
This glossary includes terms for musical instruments, playing or singing techniques, amplifiers, effects units, sound reinforcement equipment, and recording gear and techniques which are widely used in jazz and popular music. Most of the terms are in English, but in some cases, terms from other languages are encountered (e.g. to do an "encore ...
The tempo of a slow movement can vary from largo to andante, though occasionally allegretto slow movements can be found, especially in works by Beethoven. It is usually in the dominant , subdominant , parallel , or relative key of the musical work's main key, but also in any variation or combination of them; the subdominant of the relative ...
Italian term Literal translation Definition Accelerando: accelerating: Accelerating Accompagnato: accompanied: The accompaniment must follow the singer who can speed up or slow down at will. Adagio: ad agio, at ease: Slow and easy (but not as slow as largo) Adagietto: a bit at ease: 1.
Tempo rubato (Italian for 'stolen time'; UK: / ˈ t ɛ m p oʊ r ʊ ˈ b ɑː t oʊ /, US: / r uː-/, [1] [2] Italian: [ˈtɛmpo ruˈbaːto];) is a musical term referring to expressive and rhythmic freedom by a slight speeding up and then slowing down of the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist or the conductor.
The Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music and Musicians says, "This cadence is a microcosm of the tonal system, and is the most direct means of establishing a pitch as tonic. It is virtually obligatory as the final structural cadence of a tonal work."
The typical three-movement structure, a slow movement (e.g., lento or adagio) preceded and followed by fast movements (e.g., presto or allegro), became a standard from the early 18th century. The concerto originated as a genre of vocal music in the late 16th century: the instrumental variant appeared around a century later, when Italians such ...
The siciliana [sitʃiˈljaːna] or siciliano (also known as sicilienne or ciciliano) is a musical style or genre often included as a movement within larger pieces of music starting in the Baroque period. It is in a slow 6 8 or 12 8 time with lilting rhythms, making it somewhat resemble a slow jig or tarantella, and is usually in a minor key.