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At present, guided bone regeneration is predominantly applied in the oral cavity to support new hard tissue growth on an alveolar ridge to allow stable placement of dental implants. When bone grafting is used in conjunction with sound surgical technique, guided bone regeneration is a reliable and validated procedure.
Bone grafts are used in hopes that the defective bone will be healed or will regrow with little to no graft rejection. [19] Besides the main use of bone grafting – dental implants – this procedure is used to fuse joints to prevent movement, repair broken bones that have bone loss, and repair broken bone that has not yet healed. [19]
Placement of dental implants is a surgical procedure and carries the normal risks of surgery including infection, excessive bleeding and necrosis of the flap of tissue around the implant. Nearby anatomic structures, such as the inferior alveolar nerve , the maxillary sinus and blood vessels, can also be injured when the osteotomy is created or ...
In 1970, LeLièvre from France coined the term "arthroereisis" while describing the insertion of a bone graft into the sinus tarsi, secured with a staple. [4] Subotnick, in 1974, proposed the use of a synthetic silicone implant placed in the sinus tarsi to enhance the proper positioning of the talus with the calcaneus. [4]
Osseointegration is also defined as: "the formation of a direct interface between an implant and bone, without intervening soft tissue". [1]An osseointegrated implant is a type of implant defined as "an endosteal implant containing pores into which osteoblasts and supporting connective tissue can migrate". [2]
Bone grafting – used in dental implants, as well as other instances. The bone may be autologous, typically harvested from the iliac crest of the pelvis, or banked bone/allograft. [2] Vascular grafting – the use of transplanted or prosthetic blood vessels in surgical procedures.
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Conventional titanium dental implants typically have success rates of 90–95% for 10-year follow-up periods, but this is based on questionable definitions of success. [5] The fundamental problem with conventional implant technology is that the patient must be altered to fit the screw or cylinder implant, rather than the other way around.
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