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It is a constant defined by standard as 9.806 65 m/s 2 (about 32.174 05 ft/s 2). This value was established by the third General Conference on Weights and Measures (1901, CR 70) and used to define the standard weight of an object as the product of its mass and this nominal acceleration.
Its symbol is written in several forms as m/s 2, m·s −2 or ms −2, , or less commonly, as (m/s)/s. [1] As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, i.e. metre per second per second and is treated as a vector quantity.
[2] [3] At different points on Earth's surface, the free fall acceleration ranges from 9.764 to 9.834 m/s 2 (32.03 to 32.26 ft/s 2), [4] depending on altitude, latitude, and longitude. A conventional standard value is defined exactly as 9.80665 m/s² (about 32.1740 ft/s²).
The pound-force is the product of one avoirdupois pound (exactly 0.45359237 kg) and the standard acceleration due to gravity, approximately 32.174049 ft/s 2 (9.80665 m/s 2). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The standard values of acceleration of the standard gravitational field ( g n ) and the international avoirdupois pound (lb) result in a pound-force equal ...
The agreed-upon value for standard gravity is 9.80665 m/s 2 (32.1740 ft/s 2) by definition. [4] This quantity is denoted variously as g n, g e (though this sometimes means the normal gravity at the equator, 9.7803267715 m/s 2 (32.087686258 ft/s 2)), [5] g 0, or simply g (which is also used for the variable local value).
Near the surface of the Earth, the acceleration due to gravity g = 9.807 m/s 2 (metres per second squared, which might be thought of as "metres per second, per second"; or 32.18 ft/s 2 as "feet per second per second") approximately. A coherent set of units for g, d, t and v is essential.
≡ 1 ft/s 2 = 3.048 × 10 −1 m/s 2: gal; galileo: Gal ≡ 1 cm/s 2 = 10 −2 m/s 2: inch per minute per second: ipm/s ≡ 1 in/(min⋅s) = 4.2 3 × 10 −4 m/s 2: inch per second squared: ips 2: ≡ 1 in/s 2 = 2.54 × 10 −2 m/s 2: knot per second: kn/s ≡ 1 kn/s ≈ 5.1 4 × 10 −1 m/s 2: metre per second squared (SI unit) m/s 2: ≡ 1 m ...
Since a pound of force (pound force) accelerates a pound of mass at 32.174 049 ft/s 2 (9.80665 m/s 2; the acceleration of gravity, g), we can scale down the unit of force to compensate, giving us one that accelerates 1 pound mass at 1 ft/s 2 rather than at 32.174 049 ft/s 2; and that is the poundal, which is approximately 1 ⁄ 32 pound force.