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Mesopotamia [a] is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.
Map showing the extent of Mesopotamia. The Civilization of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Paleolithic period up to Late antiquity.This history is pieced together from evidence retrieved from archaeological excavations and, after the introduction of writing in the late 4th millennium BC, an increasing amount of historical sources.
His name is related to the word meaning "having two faces" [161] and he is shown in art with a face on either side of his head. [161] He acts as Enki's messenger in the myths of Enki and Ninhursag and Inanna and Enki. [161] Ishum: Ishum was a popular, but not very prominent god, [391] who was worshipped from the Early Dynastic Period onwards. [391]
The word is derived from the Proto-Semitic *Κil-. [8] Specific deities known as ' El, ' Al or ' Il include the supreme god of the ancient Canaanite religion [9] and the supreme god of East Semitic speakers in Early Dynastic Period of Mesopotamia. [10] Among the Hittites, El was known as Elkunirsa (Hittite: ππͺππ π ElkunΔ«rša).
Mesopotamian mythology refers to the myths, religious texts, and other literature that comes from the region of ancient Mesopotamia which is a historical region of Western Asia, situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system that occupies the area of present-day Iraq.
During this period, a large number of loan words were included in the language from Northwest Semitic languages and Hurrian. However, the use of these words was confined to the fringes of the Akkadian-speaking territory. From 1500 BC onwards, the Assyrian language is termed Middle Assyrian. It was the language of the Middle Assyrian Empire ...
It is because of this that the Fertile Crescent region, and Mesopotamia in particular, are often referred to as the cradle of civilization. [21] The period known as the Ubaid period (c. 6500 to 3800 BC) is the earliest known period on the alluvial plain , although it is likely earlier periods exist obscured under the alluvium .
In Mesopotamian religion, Tiamat (Akkadian: ππΎππ³ D TI.AMAT or πππ D TAM.TUM, Ancient Greek: ΘαλΞ¬ττη, romanized: ThaláttΔ) [1] is the primordial sea, mating with Abzû (Apsu), the groundwater, to produce the gods in the Babylonian epic Enûma Elish, which translates as "when on high."