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Lichina species are found in maritime habitats worldwide. Three species (L. pygmaea, L. confinis, and L. canariensis) occur in the Northern Hemisphere, while L. intermedia is restricted to the Southern Hemisphere. They typically grow on rocky shores, with different species occupying distinct zones based on their tolerance to submersion and sea ...
Some lichens live a long time; one species has been dated at 8,600 years. [126] However their lifespan is difficult to measure because what defines the same lichen is not precise. [ 127 ] Lichens grow by vegetatively breaking off a piece, which may or may not be defined as the same lichen, and two lichens of different ages can merge, raising ...
The fungi of some lichen species may "take over" the algae of other lichen species. [16] [135] Lichens make their own food from their photosynthetic parts and by absorbing minerals from the environment. [16] Lichens growing on leaves may have the appearance of being parasites on the leaves, but they are not.
One example of primary succession takes place after a volcano has erupted. The lava flows into the ocean and hardens into new land. The resulting barren land is first colonized by pioneer organisms, like algae, which pave the way for later, less hardy plants, such as hardwood trees, by facilitating pedogenesis, especially through the biotic acceleration of weathering and the addition of ...
Most mycoplankton species are higher fungi. [171] Lichens are mutualistic associations between a fungus, usually an ascomycete, and an alga or a cyanobacterium. Several lichens are found in marine environments. [175] Many more occur in the splash zone, where they occupy different vertical zones depending on how tolerant they are to submersion ...
More than 30 species of shrimp in the Aoridae family have now been described in Japan, according to the study. Nocturnal creature — a ‘rapidly-running’ predator — discovered as new species ...
After a natural disaster, common pioneer organisms include lichens and algae. Mosses usually follow lichens in colonization but cannot serve as pioneer organisms. These common pioneer organisms can have a preference in the temperatures they are in. Lichens are more inclined to be in regions with more rainfall, whereas algae and mosses have a preference of being in regions with more humidity.
Lichens are known in which there is one fungus associated with two or even three algal species. Rarely, the reverse can occur, and two or more fungal species can interact to form the same lichen. [12] Both the lichen and the fungus partner bear the same scientific name, and the lichens are being integrated into the classification schemes for fungi.