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In Byzantine religious art, unlike the Classical Greek and Roman art that preceded it, symbolism became more important than realism. Instead of concentrating on making the most realistic images possible, mosaic artists of this time wanted to create idealized and sometimes exaggerated images of what existed inside the soul of a person.
Jerusalem Saint Peter in Gallicantu model of the Byzantine city. During the Byzantine period, in the years between Constantine the Great's rise to power (324 AD) and the conquest of Jerusalem by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637, Jerusalem was under the control of the Byzantine Empire.
Religious images or icons were made in Byzantine art in many different media: mosaics, paintings, small statues and illuminated manuscripts. [1] Monasteries produced many of the illuminated manuscripts devoted to religious works using the illustrations to highlight specific parts of text, a saints' martyrdom for example, while others were used ...
Grigg, Robert. "Byzantine Credulity as an Impediment to Antiquarianism", Gesta, Vol. 26, No. 1 (1987), pp. 3–9, The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the International Center of Medieval Art, JSTOR; James Hall. A History of Ideas and Images in Italian Art, 1983, John Murray, London, ISBN 0-7195-3971-4; Hellemo, Geir.
John of Damascus or John Damascene, born Yūḥana ibn Manṣūr ibn Sarjūn, [a] was an Arab Christian monk, priest, hymnographer, and apologist.He was born and raised in Damascus c. AD 675 or AD 676; the precise date and place of his death is not known, though tradition places it at his monastery, Mar Saba, near Jerusalem, on 4 December AD 749.
Umayyad architecture developed in the Umayyad Caliphate between 661 and 750, primarily in its heartlands of Syria and Palestine.It drew extensively on the architecture of older Middle Eastern and Mediterranean civilizations including the Sassanian Empire and especially the Byzantine Empire, but introduced innovations in decoration and form.
Traditio legis, or "transmission of the law", Christ as lawgiver, [2] mosaic, Basilica of San Lorenzo, Milan, 4th century, includes a scroll box at Christ's feet.. From the latter part of the fourth century, a still beardless Christ begins to be depicted seated on a throne on a dais, often with his feet on a low stool and usually flanked by Saints Peter and Paul, and in a larger composition ...
Christ Pantocrator mosaic in Byzantine style from the Cefalù Cathedral, Sicily. The most common translation of Pantocrator is "Almighty" or "All-powerful". In this understanding, Pantokrator is a compound word formed from the Greek words πᾶς, pas (GEN παντός pantos), i.e. "all" [4] and κράτος, kratos, i.e. "strength", "might", "power". [5]