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The 1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak occurred from September 1998 to May 1999 in the states of Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor in Malaysia. A total of 265 cases of acute encephalitis with 105 deaths caused by the virus were reported in the three states throughout the outbreak. [ 1 ]
Nipah virus outbreaks have been reported in Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh and India. The area is known as the Nipah Belt. The highest mortality due to Nipah virus infection was found in Bangladesh, [citation needed] where outbreaks are typically seen in winter. [24] Nipah virus was first seen in 1998 in
The Nipah virus has been classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a Category C agent. [24] Nipah virus is one of several viruses identified by WHO as a potential cause of future epidemics in a new plan developed after the Ebola epidemic for urgent research and development toward new diagnostic tests, vaccines and medicines.
The virus is often transmitted by bats. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us
In May 2018, US$25 million was given to U.S.-based Profectus Biosciences, to make a recombinant protein subunit vaccine against Nipah virus. [5] In February 2019, US$31 million was given to the University of Tokyo, to develop a vaccine by inserting the Nipah-virus G gene ("Malaysia strain"), into a measles vector ("Edmonston B strain"). [5]
Since the Nipah virus outbreak in 1999, the Malaysian Health Ministry have put in place processes to be better prepared to protect the Malaysian population from the threat of infectious diseases. Malaysia was fully prepared during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) situation (Malaysia was not a SARS affected country) and the episode ...
Nipah virus: Malaysia 1998 West Nile virus: US 1999 Itaya virus [50] Peru 1999 Rift Valley fever: Saudi Arabia and Yemen 2000 EBLV-2: Scotland 2002 SARS-CoV: 2002 Influenza A virus subtype H7N2: 2002 Monkeypox: US 2003 Chapare virus: Bolivia 2003 Plague: Algeria 2003 HTLV-3, HTLV-4: Cameroon 2005 Melaka virus: Malaysia 2006 LuJo virus: southern ...
Due to the lack of either a licensed human vaccine (a Hendra virus vaccine exists for horses) or antiviral therapies, Hendra virus and Nipah virus are designated as Biosafety level (BSL) 4 agents. The genomic structure of both viruses is that of a typical paramyxovirus. [13]