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  2. Formal charge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_charge

    Formal charges in ozone and the nitrate anion. In chemistry, a formal charge (F.C. or q*), in the covalent view of chemical bonding, is the hypothetical charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally between atoms, regardless of relative electronegativity.

  3. Nitrogen trifluoride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_trifluoride

    Nitrogen trifluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula (NF 3).It is a colorless, non-flammable, toxic gas with a slightly musty odor.In contrast with ammonia, it is nonbasic.

  4. Structural formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula

    Skeletal structural formula of Vitamin B 12.Many organic molecules are too complicated to be specified by a molecular formula.. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are connected to one another. [1]

  5. Oxidation state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidation_state

    As an example, summing bond orders in the ammonium cation yields −4 at the nitrogen of formal charge +1, with the two numbers adding to the oxidation state of −3: The sum of oxidation states in the ion equals its charge (as it equals zero for a neutral molecule). Also in anions, the formal (ionic) charges have to be considered when nonzero.

  6. C corporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_corporation

    A C corporation is distinguished from an S corporation, which generally is not taxed separately. Many companies, including most major corporations, are treated as C corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. C corporations and S corporations both enjoy limited liability, but only C corporations are subject to corporate income taxation. [1]

  7. Resonance (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonance_(chemistry)

    Under the framework of valence bond theory, resonance is an extension of the idea that the bonding in a chemical species can be described by a Lewis structure. For many chemical species, a single Lewis structure, consisting of atoms obeying the octet rule, possibly bearing formal charges, and connected by bonds of positive integer order, is sufficient for describing the chemical bonding and ...

  8. C-COR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-COR

    The corporation was best known for creating video transport systems. In 1953, it was the first to introduce cable powering which transmits power through coaxial cables for powering cable amplifiers. 1965, C-COR introduced the use of integrated circuits in amplifiers used on utility poles and in 1969 was the first to use heat fins on amplifiers ...

  9. Charge carrier density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_carrier_density

    Charge carrier density, also known as carrier concentration, denotes the number of charge carriers per volume. In SI units, it is measured in m −3. As with any density, in principle it can depend on position. However, usually carrier concentration is given as a single number, and represents the average carrier density over the whole material.