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The landing craft, vehicle, personnel (LCVP) or Higgins boat was a landing craft used extensively by the Allied forces in amphibious landings in World War II.Typically constructed from plywood, this shallow-draft, barge-like boat could ferry a roughly platoon-sized complement of 36 men to shore at 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h).
A Higgins Industries torpedo boat plant in New Orleans, 1942. Higgins Industries was the company owned by Andrew Higgins based in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.. Higgins Industries is most famous for the design and production of the Higgins boat, an amphibious landing craft referred to as LCVP (Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel), which was used extensively in the Allied forces' D-Day ...
The craft was designed by Andrew Higgins based on boats made for operating in swamps and marshes. More than 20,000 were built, by Higgins Industries and licensees. [2] Typically constructed from plywood, this shallow-draft, barge-like boat could ferry a platoon-sized complement of 36 men to shore at 9 knots (17 km/h).
These LCPL, dubbed the 'Higgins Boats', were reviewed and passed by the U.S. Naval Bureau of Construction and Repair. Soon, the Higgins boats were developed to a final design with a ramp – the LCVP, and were produced in large numbers. The boat was a more flexible variant of the LCPR with a wider ramp.
Higgins had already built these boats on spec and is said to have preferred this larger craft. Further US procurements were of this larger boat, and thus the LCP(L) was the forerunner of all American LCP types. [8] The LCP(L)s were also known as Eurekas or R boats. Before 1942, The USMC referred to them as T Boats. [9]
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The Boats were tested in a Plywood Derby by Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 1 and Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 2. The Plywood Derby testing at New London Harbor in July 1941 included Higgins PT-6; Philadelphia Navy Yard PT-8; Elco PT-20, PT-26, PT-30, PT-31 ; Huckins PT-33, PT-69; and Higgins PT-70, as the shorter 54-foot boats were determined to be ...
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