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The higher the proton affinity, the stronger the base and the weaker the conjugate acid in the gas phase.The (reportedly) strongest known base is the ortho-diethynylbenzene dianion (E pa = 1843 kJ/mol), [3] followed by the methanide anion (E pa = 1743 kJ/mol) and the hydride ion (E pa = 1675 kJ/mol), [4] making methane the weakest proton acid [5] in the gas phase, followed by dihydrogen.
The joule (/ dʒ uː l / JOOL, or / dʒ aʊ l / JOWL; symbol: J) is the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI). [1] In terms of SI base units, one joule corresponds to one kilogram-square metre per square second (1 J = 1 kg⋅m 2 ⋅s −2).
List of orders of magnitude for energy; Factor (joules) SI prefix Value Item 10 −34: 6.626 × 10 −34 J: Energy of a photon with a frequency of 1 hertz. [1]8 × 10 −34 J: Average kinetic energy of translational motion of a molecule at the lowest temperature reached (38 picokelvin [2] as of 2021)
Energy is defined via work, so the SI unit of energy is the same as the unit of work – the joule (J), named in honour of James Prescott Joule [1] and his experiments on the mechanical equivalent of heat. In slightly more fundamental terms, 1 joule is equal to 1 newton metre and, in terms of SI base units
Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 /K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base. The conjugate of a weak acid is often a weak base and vice versa.
The essence of Brønsted–Lowry theory is that an acid is only such in relation to a base, and vice versa. Water is amphoteric as it can act as an acid or as a base. In the image shown at the right one molecule of H 2 O acts as a base and gains H + to become H 3 O + while the other acts as an acid and loses H + to become OH −.
Metallic hydrogen (recombination energy) 216 [2] Specific orbital energy of Low Earth orbit (approximate) 33.0: Beryllium + Oxygen: 23.9 [3] Lithium + Fluorine: 23.75 [citation needed] Octaazacubane potential explosive: 22.9 [4] Hydrogen + Oxygen: 13.4 [5] Gasoline + Oxygen –> Derived from Gasoline: 13.3 [citation needed] Dinitroacetylene ...
Specific and general catalysis is also found in base catalysed reactions and base Brønsted equation also exists with constant β. The Brønsted equation gives information about a reaction mechanism. Reactions that have low values for proportionality constants α or β are considered to have a transition state closely resembling the reactant ...