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Sir John Alexander Macdonald [a] GCB PC QC (10 or 11 January 1815 [b] – 6 June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada, serving from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 until his death in 1891. He was the dominant figure of Canadian Confederation , and had a political career that spanned almost half a century.
Political cartoon by John Wilson Bengough satirizing Prime Minister John A. Macdonald for the Pacific Scandal. The Pacific Scandal was a political scandal in Canada involving large sums of money being paid by private interests to the Conservative party to cover election expenses in the 1872 Canadian federal election, to influence the bidding for a national rail contract. [1]
The British high commissioners to the Treaty of Washington of 1871. Standing: L. to R.: Lord Tenterden, Sir John A. Macdonald, Mountague Bernard. Seated: L. to R.: Sir Stafford Northcote, Earl de Grey & Ripon, Sir Edward Thornton. The American High Commissioners to the Treaty of Washington. U.S. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish was chairman.
Creighton's two most important works are The Commercial Empire of the St. Lawrence (1937) and his two-volume biography of Sir John A. Macdonald, entitled Young Politician and Old Chieftain. Both volumes won the Governor General's Award for best non-fiction book in 1952 and 1955, were major best-sellers, and were credited with creating a major ...
John Macdonald influenced Canadians to buy Canadian products to promote Canada's economy. The problems were that the railways were easily importing goods and products from the United States that were much cheaper than Canadian-made goods. Macdonald proposed to put tax or tariffs on American imported goods and products.
Four members of the Orange Order have been prime ministers of Canada, namely Sir John A. Macdonald, [18] the father of Canadian Confederation, Sir John Abbott, Sir Mackenzie Bowell (a past Grand Master), and John Diefenbaker, [1] in addition to many Ontario premiers. [19]
The Double Shuffle was a political episode in the Province of Canada in 1858. It began on July 28, 1858, when the coalition government of John A. Macdonald (Liberal-Conservative) and George-Étienne Cartier was defeated on a confidence vote in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, concerning the location of the seat of government for the province.
A number of monuments and memorials in Canada were removed or destroyed as a result of protests and riots between 2020 and 2022. These included six sculptures of Sir John A. Macdonald, the first prime minister of Canada, three of other figures connected to the Canadian Indian residential school system (Alexander Wood, Egerton Ryerson and Joseph Hugonard), two of Canadian monarchs (Queen ...