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Symptoms of diseases caused by Xanthomonas [1] Xanthomonas species can cause bacterial spots and blights of leaves, stems, and fruits on a wide variety of plant species. [15] Pathogenic species show high degrees of specificity and some are split into multiple pathovars, a species designation based on host specificity.
Bacterial diseases; Happy Disease (bacterial necrosis) Xylophilus ampelinus = Xanthomonas ampelina: Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Pierce's Disease (PD)
incanae (known for causing bacterial blight of garden stocks) are vascular pathogens, and they have been found to invade the plant host through wounds or hydathodes. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris also has some limited ability to infect the plant host through the stomata.
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial canker Xanthomonas campestris pv. theicola. Xanthomonas gorlencovianum. Bacterial shoot blight Pseudomonas avellanae pv. theae: Crown gall
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial black spot = bacterial canker Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae: Bacterial fruit rot Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum = Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Erwinia herbicola. Crown gall hi Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Bacterial seedling blight of rice (Oryza sativa), caused by pathogen Burkholderia plantarii [4] Early blight of potato and tomato, caused by species of the ubiquitous fungal genus Alternaria; Leaf blight of the grasses e.g. Ascochyta species [5] and Alternaria triticina that causes blight in wheat [6]
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial spot Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. citrumelo: Black pit (fruit) Pseudomonas syringae: Blast Pseudomonas syringae: Citrus canker: Xanthomonas citri pv. citri: Citrus variegated chlorosis Xylella fastidiosa: Huanglongbing = citrus greening Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Candidatus L. africanus
The bacteria are said to be readily dispersed by splashed rain and wind and the quantity of X. axonopodis declines after the first event of wind-blown rain dispersal. Apart from that, the bacteria also favor warm weather. The cases of citrus canker are more acute in areas that receive high rainfall and have high mean temperature, such as Florida.