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The frog family Leiopelmatidae is endemic to New Zealand. The biodiversity of New Zealand, a large island country located in the south-western Pacific Ocean, is varied and distinctive. The species of New Zealand accumulated over many millions of years as lineages evolved in the local circumstances.
New Zealand's forest ecosystems for example are being considered as the second most endangered of the world, with only 7% of the natural habitat remaining. [12] A male brown kiwi. Eighty per cent of New Zealand's biota is endemic. New Zealand's biodiversity exhibits high levels of endemism, both in its flora and fauna.
New Zealand has thirteen national parks, forty four marine reserves and many other protected areas for the conservation of biodiversity.The introduction of many invasive species is threatening the indigenous biodiversity, since the geographical isolation of New Zealand led to the evolution of plants and animals that did not have traits to protect against predation.
The Māori people of New Zealand have a tradition of declaring a rāhui to restrict access to or exploitation of resources.. Governor Hobson (in office 1840–1842) had instructions from the United Kingdom Home Secretary John Russell for the setting aside of some Crown land in New Zealand: "reserved, for the use of the public at large, all tracts which are likely to be required for purposes of ...
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New South Wales established the first known protected area in Australia, Royal National Park in 1879. The formation of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service in 1967 saw a bid in the conservation of the state's diversity of natural ecosystems and cultural heritage.
The Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act) was enacted by the Parliament of New South Wales in 1995 to protect threatened species, populations and ecological communities in NSW. [1] [2] In 2016 it was replaced by the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016.
Zealandia, formerly known as the Karori Wildlife Sanctuary, [1] is a protected natural area in Wellington, New Zealand, the first urban completely fenced ecosanctuary, [2] where the biodiversity of 225 ha (just under a square mile) of forest is being restored.