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The history of computing hardware starting at 1960 is marked by the conversion from vacuum tube to solid-state devices such as transistors and then integrated circuit (IC) chips. Around 1953 to 1959, discrete transistors started being considered sufficiently reliable and economical that they made further vacuum tube computers uncompetitive .
The history of computing hardware spans the developments from early devices used for simple calculations to today's complex computers, encompassing advancements in both analog and digital technology. The first aids to computation were purely mechanical devices which required the operator to set up the initial values of an elementary arithmetic ...
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is a multinational corporation specializing in computer technology and information technology consulting. Headquartered in Armonk, New York, the company originated from the amalgamation of various enterprises dedicated to automating routine business transactions, notably pioneering punched card-based data tabulating machines and time clocks.
IBM also developed and manufactured the Saturn V's Instrument Unit and Apollo spacecraft guidance computers. An IBM System/360 in use at the University of Michigan c. 1969 IBM guidance computer hardware for the Saturn V Instrument Unit. On April 7, 1964, IBM launched the first computer system family, the IBM System/360. It spanned the complete ...
IBM 1401 undergoing restoration at the Computer History Museum. Prior to System/360, IBM also sold computers smaller in scale that were not considered mainframes, though they were still bulky and expensive by modern standards. These included: IBM 650 (vacuum tube logic, decimal architecture, drum memory, business and scientific)
IBM M44/44X, an experimental paging operating system, is in use at Thomas J. Watson Research Center. IBM announces the IBM System/360-67, a 32-bit CPU with virtual memory hardware (August 1965). 1966. IBM ships the S/360-67 computer in June 1966. IBM begins work on CP-67, a re-implementation of CP-40 for the S/360-67. 1967
IBM introduces the IBM 701, the first computer in its 700 and 7000 series of large scale machines with varied scientific and commercial architectures, but common electronics and peripherals. Some computers in this series remained in service until the 1980s.
Pages in category "History of computing hardware" The following 61 pages are in this category, out of 61 total. ... History of IBM magnetic disk drives;