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The most common cause found in adults is diabetic retinopathy. Abnormal blood vessels can form in the back of the eye of a person with diabetes. These new blood vessels are weaker and prone to breaking and causing hemorrhage. [2] Diabetic retinopathy accounts for 31.5–54% of all cases of vitreous hemorrhage in adults in the United States. [1]
The optic nerve contains axons of nerve cells that emerge from the retina, leave the eye at the optic disc, and go to the visual cortex where input from the eye is processed into vision. There are 1.2 million optic nerve fibers that derive from the retinal ganglion cells of the inner retina. [2] Damage to the optic nerve can have different causes:
Retinal ganglion cells make up the optic nerve and have a long unmyelinated portion, hence the high energy demand and sensitivity to mitochondrial dysfunction. This is especially the case for smaller axons such as those found in the papillomacular bundle of the retina, which transmit information corresponding to the central visual field. The ...
The optic disc is where the axons from the retinal ganglion cells collect into the optic nerve. The optic nerve is the bundle of axons that carry the visual signals from the eye to the brain. This optic nerve must penetrate through the wall of the eye, and the hole to accommodate this is usually 20-30% larger than the nerve diameter.
Retinal hemorrhage (UK English: retinal haemorrhage) is a disorder of the eye in which bleeding occurs in the retina, the light sensitive tissue, located on the back wall of the eye. [1] There are photoreceptor cells in the retina called rods and cones , which transduce light energy into nerve signals that can be processed by the brain to form ...
Symptoms: Lattice degeneration itself does not cause symptoms: Diagnostic method: The only way to diagnose the condition is with a dilated fundus examination by an eye care provider. A dilated fundus examination is done by administering dilating eye drops in your eyes to expand the pupil so that the retina can be carefully evaluated.
Diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration depends on signs in the macula, not necessarily vision. [65] Early diagnosis of AMD can prevent further visual deterioration and potentially improve vision. [65] Diagnosis of dry (or early stage) AMD may include the following clinical examinations as well as procedures and tests:
Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...