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  2. Organ language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_language

    Organ language. According to the psychoanalytic explanation of psychosomatic illness, organ language is the bodily expression of an unconscious conflict as a form of symbolic communication. It is also called organ-speech, a term that Sigmund Freud uses in his 1915 essay "The Unconscious" attributing its coinage to Victor Tausk .

  3. Animal consciousness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_consciousness

    Animal consciousness, or animal awareness, is the quality or state of self-awareness within an animal, or of being aware of an external object or something within itself. [2] [3] In humans, consciousness has been defined as: sentience , awareness , subjectivity , qualia , the ability to experience or to feel , wakefulness , having a sense of ...

  4. Physiological psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiological_psychology

    Physiological psychology. Physiological psychology is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience (biological psychology) that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments. [1] [page needed] This field of psychology takes an empirical and ...

  5. Animal cognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_cognition

    Experiments like the string-pulling task performed here by a Carib grackle provide insights into animal cognition. Animal cognition encompasses the mental capacities of non-human animals including insect cognition. The study of animal conditioning and learning used in this field was developed from comparative psychology.

  6. Neuroanatomy of handedness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroanatomy_of_handedness

    Neuroanatomy of handedness. An estimated 90% of the world's human population consider themselves to be right-handed. [1] The human brain's control of motor function is a mirror image in terms of connectivity; the left hemisphere controls the right hand and vice versa. This theoretically means that the hemisphere contralateral to the dominant ...

  7. Emotion in animals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion_in_animals

    v. t. e. A drawing of a cat by T. W. Wood in Charles Darwin 's book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, described as acting "in an affectionate frame of mind". Emotion is defined as any mental experience with high intensity and high hedonic content. [1] The existence and nature of emotions in non-human animals are believed to be ...

  8. Organ system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_system

    Animals. Other animals have similar organ systems to humans although simpler animals may have fewer organs in an organ system or even fewer organ systems. Humans Nervous system in a human body. There are 11 distinct organ systems in human beings, which form the basis of human anatomy and physiology. The 11 organ systems: the respiratory system ...

  9. Cognitive ethology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_ethology

    Cognitive ethology. Cognitive ethology is a branch of ethology concerned with the influence of conscious awareness and intention on the behaviour of an animal. [1] Donald Griffin, a zoology professor in the United States, set up the foundations for researches in the cognitive awareness of animals within their habitats. [2]