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2. Heliotrope (instrument) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliotrope_(instrument)

   The heliotrope is an instrument that uses a mirror to reflect sunlight over great distances to mark the positions of participants in a land survey. The heliotrope was invented in 1821 by the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss .

3. Deposition (geology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deposition_(geology)

   For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.

4. Glossary of geography terms (A–M) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms...

   This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, including Earth science, oceanography, cartography, and human geography, as well as those describing spatial dimension, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic ...

5. Geology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology

   Solidified lava flow in Hawaii Sedimentary layers in Badlands National Park, South Dakota Metamorphic rock, Nunavut, Canada. Geology (from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê) 'earth' and λoγία () 'study of, discourse') [1] [2] is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. [3]

6. List of measuring instruments - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_measuring_instruments

   Military instruments as a class draw on most of the categories of instrument described throughout this article, such as navigation, astronomy, optics, and imaging, and the kinetics of moving objects. Common abstract themes that unite military instruments are seeing into the distance, seeing in the dark, knowing an object's geographic location ...

7. Heliometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliometer

   Heliometer at the Kuffner observatory (Vienna, Austria). A heliometer (from Greek ἥλιος hḗlios "sun" and measure) is an instrument originally designed for measuring the variation of the Sun's diameter at different seasons of the year, but applied now to the modern form of the instrument which is capable of much wider use.

8. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

   This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

9. Alidade - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alidade

   A simple alidade for use with a ceiling projector. An alidade (/ ˈ æ. l ɪ. d eɪ d /) (archaic forms include alhidade, alhidad, alidad) [citation needed] or a turning board is a device that allows one to sight a distant object and use the line of sight to perform a task.