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Histamine is a ubiquitous messenger molecule released from mast cells, enterochromaffin-like cells, and neurons. [5] Its various actions are mediated by histamine receptors H 1, H 2, H 3 and H 4. The histamine receptor H 2 belongs to the rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors.
The histamine receptors are a class of G protein–coupled receptors which bind histamine as their primary endogenous ligand. [1] [2] Histamine receptors are proteins that bind with histamine, a neurotransmitter involved in various physiological processes. There are four main types: H1, H2, H3, and H4.
Cimetidine was the prototypical histamine H 2 receptor antagonist from which later drugs were developed. Cimetidine was the culmination of a project at Smith, Kline & French (SK&F; now GlaxoSmithKline) by James W. Black, C. Robin Ganellin, and others to develop a histamine receptor antagonist that would suppress stomach acid secretion.
Famotidine, sold under the brand name Pepcid among others, is a histamine H 2 receptor antagonist medication that decreases stomach acid production. [4] It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. [4] It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. [4] It begins working within an ...
Histamine H 3 receptor: Located in the central nervous system and to a lesser extent peripheral nervous system tissue Autoreceptor and heteroreceptor functions: decreased neurotransmitter release of histamine, acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin. Modulates nociception, gastric acid secretion, and food intake. [23] Histamine H 4 receptor
Amthamine is a histamine agonist selective for the H 2 subtype. [1] It has been used in vitro and in vivo to study gastric secretion , [ 2 ] as well as other functions of the H 2 receptor. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
Nizatidine is a histamine H 2 receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production, and is commonly used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. [2] It was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1988. [3] [4] It was developed by Eli Lilly.
Histaminergic means "working on the histamine system", and histaminic means "related to histamine". [1] A histaminergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the histamine system in the body or brain. Examples include histamine receptor agonists and histamine receptor antagonists (or antihistamines).