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The keystone (shown in red) of an arch Dropped keystone at Colditz Castle. A keystone (or capstone) is the wedge-shaped stone at the apex of a masonry arch or typically round-shaped one at the apex of a vault. In both cases it is the final piece placed during construction and locks all the stones into position, allowing the arch or vault to ...
In classical architecture, an architrave (/ ˈ ɑːr k ɪ t r eɪ v /; from Italian architrave 'chief beam', also called an epistyle; [1] from Ancient Greek ἐπίστυλον (epistylon) 'on the column') is the lintel or beam, typically made of wood or stone, that rests on the capitals of columns. [2]
Many different building materials have been used for lintels. [3] In classical Western architecture and construction methods, by Merriam-Webster definition, a lintel is a load-bearing member and is placed over an entranceway. [3] The lintel may be called an architrave, but that term has alternative meanings that include more structure besides ...
The keystone is often decorated or enlarged. An enlarged and sometimes slightly dropped keystone is often found in Mannerist arches of the 16th century, beginning with the works of Giulio Romano , who also began the fashion for using voussoirs above rectangular openings, rather than a lintel (Palazzo Stati Maccarani, Rome, circa 1522).
A formalized lintel, the lowest member of the classical entablature. Also the moulded frame of a door or window (often borrowing the profile of a classical architrave). Area or basement area In Georgian architecture, the small paved yard giving entry, via "area steps", to the basement floor at the front of a terraced house. Arris
Post and lintel (also called prop and lintel, a trabeated system, or a trilithic system) is a building system where strong horizontal elements are held up by strong vertical elements with large spaces between them. This is usually used to hold up a roof, creating a largely open space beneath, for whatever use the building is designed.
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However, lintels are subject to bending stress, while the flat arches are true arches, composed of irregular voussoir shapes (the keystone is the only one of the symmetric wedge shape), [83] and that efficiently uses the compressive strength of the masonry in the same manner as a curved arch and thus requires a mass of masonry on both sides to ...