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  2. Monosaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide

    Simple monosaccharides have a linear and unbranched carbon skeleton with one carbonyl (C=O) functional group, and one hydroxyl (OH) group on each of the remaining carbon atoms. Therefore, the molecular structure of a simple monosaccharide can be written as H(CHOH) n (C=O)(CHOH) m H, where n + 1 + m = x ; so that its elemental formula is C x H 2 ...

  3. Carbohydrate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate

    Lactose is a disaccharide found in animal milk. It consists of a molecule of D-galactose and a molecule of D-glucose bonded by beta-1-4 glycosidic linkage.. A carbohydrate (/ ˌ k ɑːr b oʊ ˈ h aɪ d r eɪ t /) is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula C m ...

  4. Monosaccharide nomenclature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide_nomenclature

    The carbohydrate part of the molecule is called glycone, the -O- bridge is the glycosisdic oxygen, and the attached group is the aglycone. Glycosides are named by giving the aglyconic alcohol HOR, followed by the saccharide name with the '-e' ending replaced by '-ide'; as in [[phenol D -glucopyranoside]].

  5. Sugar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 December 2024. Sweet-tasting, water-soluble carbohydrates This article is about the class of sweet-flavored substances used as food. For common table sugar, see Sucrose. For other uses, see Sugar (disambiguation). Sugars (clockwise from top-left): white refined, unrefined, unprocessed cane, brown ...

  6. Carbohydrate synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_synthesis

    Carbohydrate synthesis is a sub-field of organic chemistry concerned with generating complex carbohydrate structures from simple units (monosaccharides). The generation of carbohydrate structures usually involves linking monosaccharides or oligosaccharides through glycosidic bonds, a process called glycosylation .

  7. Glucose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose

    Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6.It is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, [4] a subcategory of carbohydrates.It is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight.

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  9. Carbohydrate catabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_catabolism

    Monosaccharides, also known as simple sugars, are the most basic, fundamental unit of a carbohydrate. These are simple sugars with the general chemical structure of C6H12O6. Disaccharides are a type of carbohydrate. Disaccharides consist of compound sugars containing two monosaccharides with the elimination of a water molecule with the general ...