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Bicuculline is a phthalide-isoquinoline compound that is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABA A receptors. [1] It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts [2] and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, and several Corydalis species (all in subfamily Fumarioideae, previously known as family Fumariaceae).
It was discovered that the minor allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism at GABBR1 known as rs1186902 is significantly associated with a later age of onset for migraines, [57] but for the other SNPs, no differences were discovered between genetic and allelic variations in the control vs. migraine participants.
Picrotoxin is an equimolar mixture of two compounds, picrotoxinin (C 15 H 16 O 6; CAS# 17617-45-7) and picrotin (C 15 H 18 O 7; CAS# 21416-53-5). [3] Of the two compounds, picrotin is less active. [4] Picrotoxin occurs naturally in the fruit of the Anamirta cocculus, a climbing plant from India and other parts of Southeast Asia. The plant is ...
Some naturally occurring GABA A receptor NAMs like cicutoxin and picrotoxin are considered to be toxins. Other GABA A receptor NAMs like dieldrin and fipronil are used as insecticides (IRAC group 2), and TETS is used as a rodenticide, and yet other GABA A receptor NAMs like bemegride, flurothyl, and pentylenetetrazol are used for clinical purposes.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid, a GABA-B receptor agonist. A GABA receptor agonist is a drug that is an agonist for one or more of the GABA receptors, producing typically sedative effects, and may also cause other effects such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects. [1]
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A convulsant is a drug which induces convulsions and/or epileptic seizures, the opposite of an anticonvulsant.These drugs generally act as stimulants at low doses, but are not used for this purpose due to the risk of convulsions and consequent excitotoxicity.
President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva sent his condolences to the families of the victims in a post to social media Monday, and said his government will support local authorities in dealing with ...