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MV Mefküre, a schooner carrying Jewish refugees that was torpedoed and sunk by a Soviet submarine on 5 August 1944; Komagata Maru, a merchant ship carrying Asian migrants that was denied entry to Canada in 1914; SS Quanza, which carried over 300 refugees including at least 100 Jews to America and Mexico in 1940
SS Quanza was a World War II-era Portuguese passenger-cargo ship, [3] best known for carrying 317 people, many of them refugees, from Nazi-occupied Europe to North America in 1940. At least 100 of its passengers were Jewish.
After World War II, about 250,000 European Jews were living in displaced persons camps in Germany and Austria. Zionist organizations began organizing an underground network known as the Brichah ("escape", in Hebrew), which moved thousands of Jews from the camps to ports on the Mediterranean where ships took them illegally to Palestine.
The Patria disaster was the sinking on 25 November 1940 by the Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah of a French-built ocean liner, the 11,885-ton SS Patria, in the port of Haifa. Patria was about to depart with about 1,800 Jewish refugees whom the British authorities were deporting to Mauritius.
The Struma disaster was the sinking on 24 February 1942 of a ship, MV Struma, which had been trying to take nearly 800 Jewish refugees from the Axis member Romania to Mandatory Palestine. She was a small iron-hulled ship of only 240 GRT and had been built in 1867 as a steam-powered schooner [ 3 ] but had recently been re-engined with an ...
The official death toll is 5,348, but it is estimated that up to 9,343 were killed, making it possibly the worst single-ship loss of life in history and the worst maritime ship disaster of WWII. Most of those killed were German civilians, military personnel, and Nazi officials being evacuated from East Prussia. It is estimated that between 650 ...
On 3 August 1944 three small old merchant ships, overcrowded with about 1,000 Jewish refugees, left the Romanian port of Constanța at about 20:30 hrs. Sailing instructions from the German naval authorities were for Morina with 308 passengers to sail first, followed by Bulbul with 390 people, and lastly by Mefküre with 320 refugees (the exact number may be slightly different) on board.
Soviet submarines continued to attack Axis shipping. Unbeknownst to them, one of the ships attacked was the MV Mefküre transporting Jewish refugees from Europe. On 20 August 1944, the Red Air Force carried on a large air raid against the main Axis base in Black Sea.