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A heap overflow, heap overrun, or heap smashing is a type of buffer overflow that occurs in the heap data area. Heap overflows are exploitable in a different manner to that of stack-based overflows. Memory on the heap is dynamically allocated at runtime and typically contains program data. Exploitation is performed by corrupting this data in ...
G1 preferentially collects regions with the least amount of live data, or "garbage first". [3] G1 is the long term replacement of CMS. Whole-heap operations, such as global marking, are performed concurrently with the application threads, to prevent interruptions proportional to heap or live-data size. Concurrent marking provides both ...
Buffer overflow – out-of-bound writes can corrupt the content of adjacent objects, or internal data (like bookkeeping information for the heap) or return addresses. Buffer over-read – out-of-bound reads can reveal sensitive data or help attackers bypass address space layout randomization .
Visualization of a software buffer overflow. Data is written into A, but is too large to fit within A, so it overflows into B.. In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations.
A heap spray can be used to introduce a large amount of order to compensate for this and increase the chances of successful exploitation. Heap sprays take advantage of the fact that on most architectures and operating systems, the start location of large heap allocations is predictable and consecutive allocations are roughly sequential.
Buffer overflow is one of the most common programming flaws exploited by computer viruses, causing serious computer security issues (e.g. return-to-libc attack, stack-smashing protection) in widely used programs. In some cases programs can also incorrectly access the memory before the start of a buffer.
If, however, the data needs to be kept in some form, then it must be copied from the stack to the heap before the function exits. Therefore, stack based allocation is suitable for temporary data or data which is no longer required after the current function exits. A thread's assigned stack size can be as small as only a few bytes on some small ...
Buffer overflow; Memory management; Memory debugger; Plumbr is a popular memory leak detection tool for applications running on Java Virtual Machine. nmon (short for Nigel's Monitor) is a popular system monitor tool for the AIX and Linux operating systems.