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Korsakoff syndrome (KS) [1] is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation.This neurological disorder is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B 1) in the brain, and it is typically associated with and exacerbated by the prolonged, excessive ingestion of alcohol. [2]
Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition.
The enzymes that are dependent on thiamine pyrophosphate are associated with the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), and catalyze the oxidation of pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate and branched chain amino acids. Thus, anything that encourages glucose metabolism will exacerbate an existing clinical or sub-clinical thiamine deficiency. [15]
Thiamine deficiency and errors of thiamine metabolism are believed to be the primary cause of Wernicke encephalopathy. Thiamine, also called B 1, helps to break down glucose. Specifically, it acts as an essential coenzyme to the TCA cycle and the pentose phosphate shunt. Thiamine is first metabolised to its more active form, thiamine ...
Delirium tremens usually includes feelings of "impending doom". Anxiety and expecting imminent death are common DT symptoms. [11] DT can sometimes be associated with severe, uncontrollable tremors of the extremities, and secondary symptoms such as anxiety, panic attacks, and paranoia. Confusion is often noticeable to onlookers as those with DT ...
Vitamin B1 deficiency (thiamine deficiency) was reported to cause seizures, especially in alcoholics. [5] [6] [7] Vitamin B6 depletion (pyridoxine deficiency) was reported to be associated with pyridoxine-dependent seizures. [8] Vitamin B12 deficiency was reported to be the cause of seizures for adults [9] [10] and for infants. [11] [12]
Iron deficiency can also cause shortness of breath, and amplify the symptoms of any chronic condition, such as depression. It can also have an affect on your mood, ability to focus and sleep quality .
Calcium and magnesium have been shown to affect the distribution of thiamine in the body and magnesium deficiency has been shown to aggravate thiamine deficiency. [22] Thiamine contents in human tissues are less than those of other species. [16] [64] The half-life of thiamine content stored in tissues of human body is about 9-18 days. [62]