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A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. [1] The most common symptom is retrosternal chest pain or discomfort that classically radiates to the left shoulder, arm, or jaw. [1]
The 2018 European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association/World Health Federation Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction for the ECG diagnosis of the ST segment elevation type of acute myocardial infarction require new ST elevation at J point of at least 1mm (0.1 mV) in two contiguous leads with the cut-points: ≥1 mm in all leads ...
A normal ECG does not rule out acute myocardial infarction. Mistakes in interpretation are relatively common, and the failure to identify high risk features has a negative effect on the quality of patient care. [12] It should be determined if a person is at high risk for myocardial infarction before conducting imaging tests to make a diagnosis ...
Widow maker is an alternative name for the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery. [9] [3] The name widow maker may also apply to the left coronary artery [10] or severe occlusions to that artery. [11] [12] This term is used because the left main coronary and/or the left anterior descending supply blood to large areas of ...
LAD/AIB = anterior interventricular LMA = left marginal PIA/PDA = posterior descending MARG = left marginal AVN = atrioventricular nodal VEINS: SCV = small cardiac ACV = anterior cardiac AIV/GCV = great cardiac MCV = middle cardiac CS = coronary sinus
Sometimes a third branch is formed at the fork between left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries, known as a ramus or intermediate artery. [5] The right coronary artery (RCA) originates within the right cusp of the aortic valve. It travels down the right coronary sulcus, towards the crux of the heart.
Referred pain, also called reflective pain, [1] is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.An example is the case of angina pectoris brought on by a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the left side of neck, left shoulder, and back rather than in the thorax (chest), the site of the injury.
The anterior cusp is thicker and more rigid than the posterior one, [6] and covers approximately two-thirds of the valve. [citation needed] The anterior cusp intervenes between the mitral and aortic orifices. [6] Although the anterior leaflet takes up a larger part of the ring and rises higher, the posterior leaflet has a larger surface area.