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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 O 2.In its pure form, it is a very pale blue [5] liquid that is slightly more viscous than water.It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic, usually as a dilute solution (3%–6% by weight) in water for consumer use and in higher concentrations for industrial use.
The free radicals generated by this process engage in secondary reactions. For example, the hydroxyl is a powerful, non-selective oxidant. [6] Oxidation of an organic compound by Fenton's reagent is rapid and exothermic and results in the oxidation of contaminants to primarily carbon dioxide and water.
Many industrial peroxides are produced using hydrogen peroxide. Reactions with aldehydes and ketones yield a series of compounds depending on conditions. Specific reactions include addition of hydrogen peroxide across the C=O double bond: R 2 C=O + H 2 O 2 → R 2 C(OH)OOH. In some cases, these hydroperoxides convert to give cyclic diperoxides:
This is illustrated in the image here, where the balanced equation is: CH 4 + 2 O 2 → CO 2 + 2 H 2 O. Here, one molecule of methane reacts with two molecules of oxygen gas to yield one molecule of carbon dioxide and two molecules of water. This particular chemical equation is an example of complete combustion. Stoichiometry measures these ...
Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) can be produced by passing a volume of 96% to 98% hydrogen and 2 to 4% oxygen through an electric discharge. [7] A more commercially-viable method is to allow autoxidation of an organic intermediate, 2-ethylanthrahydroquinone dissolved in an organic solvent, to oxidize to H 2 O 2 and 2-ethylanthraquinone. [7]
Hydrogen peroxide breaks down into oxygen and water. As a small amount of hydrogen peroxide generates a large volume of oxygen, the oxygen quickly pushes out of the container. [6] The soapy water traps the oxygen, creating bubbles, and turns into foam. [6] About 5-10 drops of food coloring could also be added before the catalyst to dramatize ...
The iodine clock reaction is a classical chemical clock demonstration experiment to display chemical kinetics in action; it was discovered by Hans Heinrich Landolt in 1886. [1] The iodine clock reaction exists in several variations, which each involve iodine species (iodide ion, free iodine, or iodate ion) and redox reagents in the presence of ...
The main finding of Haber and Weiss was that hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) is decomposed by a chain reaction. [2] The Haber–Weiss reaction chain proceeds by successive steps: (i) initiation, (ii) propagation and (iii) termination. The chain is initiated by the Fenton reaction: Fe 2+ + H 2 O 2 → Fe 3+ + HO – + HO • (step 1: initiation)