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The subphylum Hexapoda (from Greek for 'six legs') or hexapods comprises the largest clade of arthropods and includes most of the extant arthropod species. It includes the crown group class Insecta (true insects), as well as the much smaller clade Entognatha, which includes three classes of wingless arthropods that were once considered insects: Collembola (springtails), Protura (coneheads) and ...
Basic characteristics of arachnids include four pairs of legs (1) and a body divided into two tagmata: the cephalothorax (2) and the abdomen (3) Almost all adult arachnids have eight legs, unlike adult insects which all have six legs. However, arachnids also have two further pairs of appendages that have become adapted for feeding, defense, and ...
Many species of arthropods, principally insects but also mites, are agricultural and forest pests. [164] [165] The mite Varroa destructor has become the largest single problem faced by beekeepers worldwide. [166] Efforts to control arthropod pests by large-scale use of pesticides have caused long-term effects on human health and on biodiversity ...
The ant's diet includes sweet secretions that are retrieved from aphids and other insects that it tends. This species is a competitor of the meat ant (Iridomyrmex purpureus), and food robbery and nest-plugging is known to occur between these two ants. Workers prey on insects, killing them with a spray of formic acid. Banded sugar ants are ...
Springtails (class Collembola) form the largest of the three lineages of modern hexapods that are no longer considered insects.Although the three orders are sometimes grouped together in a class called Entognatha because they have internal mouthparts, they do not appear to be any more closely related to one another than they are to all insects, which have external mouthparts.
These minute arthropods are apterous, unlike some orders of insects that have lost their wings secondarily (but are derived from winged ancestors). Their mouthparts are enclosed within a pouch in the head capsule, called the gnathal pouch, so only the tips of the mandibles and maxillae are exposed beyond the cavity. [1]
Four classes of arthropods each provide multiple examples, including sea spiders (with 4 to 6 leg pairs, [11] providing two examples) and pauropods (adults with 8 to 11 leg pairs, [12] providing four examples), but most of the examples listed are either millipedes (adults with 11 to 653 leg pairs) [5] [1] or centipedes (adults with 15 to 191 ...
The arthropod body plan consists of segments, each with a pair of appendages. Arthropods are bilaterally symmetrical and their body possesses an external skeleton . In order to keep growing, they must go through stages of moulting , a process by which they shed their exoskeleton to reveal a new one.