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Rubella infection in pregnancy can result in various outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to congenital defects to miscarriage and fetal death. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] If infection occurs 0–11 weeks after conception, the infant has a 90% risk of being affected. [ 1 ]
Rubella virus (RuV) is the pathogenic agent of the disease rubella, transmitted only between humans via the respiratory route, and is the main cause of congenital rubella syndrome when infection occurs during the first weeks of pregnancy. Rubella virus, scientific name Rubivirus rubellae, is a member of the genus Rubivirus and belongs to the ...
During the epidemic in the US between 1962 and 1965, rubella virus infections during pregnancy were estimated to have caused 30,000 stillbirths and 20,000 children to be born impaired or disabled as a result of CRS. [40] [41] Universal immunisation producing a high level of herd immunity is important in the control of epidemics of rubella. [42]
With new information out about the effects of the Rubella virus on a fetus, some expectant women and physicians wanted the termination of the pregnancy to be an option. Abortion was illegal in the United States at the height of this epidemic, however, physicians were allowed to perform therapeutic abortions if the believed the mother would be ...
Maternal infection with rubella virus during pregnancy can lead to congenital rubella syndrome. The risk of congenital infection is highest during the first trimester (< 12 weeks). Risk of congenital rubella is increased among immigrant women from countries without adequate vaccination programs.
Rubella is seldom given as an individual vaccine and is often given in combination with measles, mumps, or varicella (chickenpox) vaccines. [19] [20] Below is the list of measles-containing vaccines: Rubella vaccine (standalone vaccine) Measles and rubella combined vaccine ; Measles, mumps and rubella combined vaccine (MMR vaccine) [21] [22] [23]
He overheard a conversation between several mothers whose babies had cataracts, in which they mentioned that they had suffered from German measles (rubella) during pregnancy. [11] Investigating the medical records of children with similar conditions, Gregg discovered that out of 78 affected children, 68 had been exposed to rubella in utero.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 20 December 2024. Combined vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella Pharmaceutical compound MMR vaccine MMR vaccine Combination of Measles vaccine Vaccine Mumps vaccine Vaccine Rubella vaccine Vaccine Clinical data Trade names M-M-R II, Priorix, Tresivac, others Other names MPR vaccine AHFS / Drugs ...