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A breech presentation at delivery occurs when the fetus does not turn to a cephalic presentation. [13] This failure to change presentation can result from endogenous and exogenous factors. Endogenous factors involve fetal inability to adequately move, whereas exogenous factors refer to insufficient intrauterine space available for fetal ...
It has been assumed that parents of fewer offspring, with a high probability of adult survival, should permit less risk to themselves. Even though this compromises their young, the overall fitness of their offspring is reduced, which is a strategy to invest in producing more offspring in the future.
Recently reported estimates of the human genome-wide mutation rate. The human germline mutation rate is approximately 0.5×10 −9 per basepair per year. [1]In genetics, the mutation rate is the frequency of new mutations in a single gene, nucleotide sequence, or organism over time. [2]
Following invasion, the breach in the uterine epithelium made by the blastocyst's entry is sealed by a fibrin plug. The fibrin plug is a coagulation of a blood clot and cellular debris. The fibrin plug is a coagulation of a blood clot and cellular debris.
A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes [jargon] of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors from one generation to the next, [1] [2] [3] [unreliable source?] most commonly humans, show dogs, and race horses.
Established traits are not immutable; traits that have high fitness in one environmental context may be much less fit if environmental conditions change. In the absence of natural selection to preserve such a trait, it becomes more variable and deteriorate over time, possibly resulting in a vestigial manifestation of the trait, also called ...
David Dunson, a biostatistician at the U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, said that: "Although we noted a decline in female fertility in the late 20s, what we found was a decrease in the probability of becoming pregnant per menstrual cycle, not in the probability of eventually achieving a pregnancy." [14]
These contributions are weighted according to the probability of each diploid-diploid combination, which follows a multinomial distribution with k = 3. For example, the probability of the mating combination (AA,aa) is 2 f t (AA)f t (aa) and it can only result in the Aa genotype: [0,1,0]. Overall, the resulting genotype frequencies are ...