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Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
The Womersley number (or ) is a dimensionless number in biofluid mechanics and biofluid dynamics. It is a dimensionless expression of the pulsatile flow frequency in relation to viscous effects . It is named after John R. Womersley (1907–1958) for his work with blood flow in arteries . [ 1 ]
Flow through the pores in an oil reservoir has capillary number values in the order of 10 −6, whereas flow of oil through an oil well drill pipe has a capillary number in the order of unity. [ 4 ] The capillary number plays a role in the dynamics of capillary flow ; in particular, it governs the dynamic contact angle of a flowing droplet at ...
The Dean number (De) is a dimensionless group in fluid mechanics, which occurs in the study of flow in curved pipes and channels.It is named after the British scientist W. R. Dean, who was the first to provide a theoretical solution of the fluid motion through curved pipes for laminar flow by using a perturbation procedure from a Poiseuille flow in a straight pipe to a flow in a pipe with very ...
u is the flow velocity; κ is the thermal conductivity; T 0 is the bulk fluid temperature; T w is the wall temperature; Pr is the Prandtl number; Ec is the Eckert number [1] It is the ratio between heat produced by viscous dissipation and heat transported by molecular conduction. i.e., the ratio of viscous heat generation to external heating.
From January 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Richard Kovacevich joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a -4.5 percent return on your investment, compared to a -2.8 percent return from the S&P 500.
A mix of high-profile and local races will take place in the first few months of this year, which could serve as a barometer for how voters feel just months after the 2024 presidential election.
Whether it’s a family gathering, holiday celebration or big dinner party, overeating during big meals can leave you feeling uncomfortable, bloated and sluggish.