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In field theory, a primitive element of a finite field GF(q) is a generator of the multiplicative group of the field. In other words, α ∈ GF( q ) is called a primitive element if it is a primitive ( q − 1) th root of unity in GF( q ) ; this means that each non-zero element of GF( q ) can be written as α i for some natural number i .
Example of Min-max heap. Each node in a min-max heap has a data member (usually called key) whose value is used to determine the order of the node in the min-max heap. The root element is the smallest element in the min-max heap. One of the two elements in the second level, which is a max (or odd) level, is the greatest element in the min-max heap
In finite field theory, a branch of mathematics, a primitive polynomial is the minimal polynomial of a primitive element of the finite field GF(p m).This means that a polynomial F(X) of degree m with coefficients in GF(p) = Z/pZ is a primitive polynomial if it is monic and has a root α in GF(p m) such that {,,,,, …} is the entire field GF(p m).
The begin, end, and empty-element tags that delimit the elements are correctly nested, with none missing and none overlapping; A single "root" element contains all the other elements; These features resemble those of trees, in that there is a single root node, and an order to the elements. XML has appeared as a first-class data type in other ...
The Find operation follows the chain of parent pointers from a specified query node x until it reaches a root element. This root element represents the set to which x belongs and may be x itself. Find returns the root element it reaches. Performing a Find operation presents an important opportunity for improving the forest.
Primitive element (finite field), an element that generates the multiplicative group of a finite field; Primitive element (lattice), an element in a lattice that is not a positive integer multiple of another element in the lattice; Primitive element (coalgebra), an element X on which the comultiplication Δ has the value Δ(X) = X⊗1 + 1⊗X
There can be other XML nodes outside of the root element. [4] In particular, the root element may be preceded by a prolog, which itself may consist of an XML declaration, optional comments, processing instructions and whitespace, followed by an optional DOCTYPE declaration and more optional comments, processing instructions and whitespace.
If you are using this attribute as a hook for style sheets it may be more appropriate to use classes (which group elements) than id (which are used to identify exactly one element). This similar diagnostic occurs if an article contains multiple invocations of {} with the same ID, for example, two instances of "{{ref|1|1}}". To fix the problem ...