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Appendicitis is one of the most frequent diagnoses for emergency department visits resulting in hospitalization among children ages 5–17 years in the United States. [ 108 ] Adults presenting to the emergency department with a known family history of appendicitis are more likely to have this disease than those without.
Appendicitis develops most commonly in the second trimester. [2] If appendicitis develops in a pregnant woman, an appendectomy is usually performed and should not harm the fetus. [15] The risk of premature delivery is about 10%. [16] The risk of fetal death in the perioperative period after an appendectomy for early acute appendicitis is 3 to 5%.
The cause in children is typically unknown; in adults a lead point is sometimes present. [1] Risk factors in children include certain infections, diseases like cystic fibrosis, and intestinal polyps. [1] Risk factors in adults include endometriosis, bowel adhesions, and intestinal tumors. [1] Diagnosis is often supported by medical imaging. [1]
Epiploic appendagitis (EA) is an uncommon, benign, self-limiting inflammatory process of the epiploic appendices.Other, older terms for the process include appendicitis epiploica and appendagitis, but these terms are used less now in order to avoid confusion with acute appendicitis.
It may occur as a complication of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), appendicitis, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), trauma, pelvic organ cancer, or lower genital tract infections. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] The abscess may be in the pouch of Douglas , fallopian tube , ovary , or parametrium . [ 1 ]
The AIR score was developed to overcome some of the drawbacks of the Alvarado score, another diagnostic scoring system for identifying appendicitis. [2] The AIR score is one of the two scores (the other being the Adult Appendicitis Score , AAS) recommended by the 2020 World Society of Emergency Surgery clinical practice guidelines for the ...
It is also called appendicolith when it occurs in the appendix and is sometimes concurrent with appendicitis. [1] They can also obstruct diverticula. It can form secondary to fecal impaction. A fecaloma is a more severe form of fecal impaction, and a hardened fecaloma may be considered a giant fecalith. The term is from the Greek líthos=stone. [2]
A large pyogenic liver abscess presumed to be the result of appendicitis. There are several major forms of liver abscess, classified by cause: [3] Pyogenic liver abscess, which is most often polymicrobial, accounts for 80% of hepatic abscess cases in the United States. Amoebic liver abscess due to Entamoeba histolytica accounts for 10% of cases ...