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Compound dunes are large dunes on which smaller dunes of similar type and slipface orientation are superimposed. Complex dunes are combinations of two or more dune types. A crescentic dune with a star dune superimposed on its crest is the most common complex dune.
Dunes take three general forms. Linear dunes, also called longitudinal dunes or seifs, are aligned in the direction of the prevailing winds. Transverse dunes, which include crescent dunes (barchans), are aligned perpendicular to the prevailing winds. More complex dunes, such as star dunes, form where the directions of the winds are highly variable.
Transverse dunes, also called barchan, form when there is a unidirectional (unimodal) wind regime. [8] A third type of dune, the star dune, is typically formed in multidirectional (multimodal) wind regimes. [8] The presence of each of these dune forms, suggests the wind regime that produced it. [9] Linear and star dunes are rare on Mars. [9]
In regions with minimal vegetation, such as coastal and desert areas, transverse sand dunes orient themselves perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, while longitudinal dunes orient themselves parallel to the prevailing winds. [31]
The dune field is composed of reversing dunes, transverse dunes—also called crescentic or barchan dunes—and star dunes. The sand sheet is the largest component of the system, comprising sandy grasslands that extend around three sides of the dune field.
The majority of dunes in Olympia Undae are transverse dunes. Their spacing ranges from 200 to 800 m apart crest to crest, and comparison to terrestrial dunes with similar spacing indicates that they are 10 to 25 m high. [18] On Earth, dunes are produced by saltating grains of sand. The requirement that dunes are produced by saltation allows ...
Transverse dunes and Seif dunes are some alternative examples of the effect of unidirectional air flow on dune formation. Barchan dune schematic. Ripple marks: Ripple marks are small ridges of sediment that form due to wind or water blowing over loose sediment in either a current or wave pattern.
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