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Artinite is a hydrated basic magnesium carbonate mineral with formula: Mg 2 (CO 3)(OH) 2 ·3H 2 O. It forms white silky monoclinic prismatic crystals that are often in radial arrays or encrustations. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 and a specific gravity of 2.
It represents the pentahydrate of magnesium carbonate, and has the total formula MgCO 3 ·5H 2 O . [2] Landsfordite was discovered in 1888 in a coal mine in Lansford, Pennsylvania. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group P2 1 /c [3]) and typically occurs as colorless to white prismatic crystals and stalactitic masses. [4]
If magnesium chloride (or sulfate) is treated with aqueous sodium carbonate, a precipitate of basic magnesium carbonate – a hydrated complex of magnesium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide – rather than magnesium carbonate itself is formed: 5 MgCl 2 (aq) + 5 Na 2 CO 3 (aq) + 5 H 2 O(l) → Mg 4 (CO 3) 3 (OH) 2 ·3H 2 O(s) + Mg(HCO 3) 2 (aq ...
The fundamental difficulty to nucleate anhydrous magnesium carbonate remains when using this non-aqueous solution. Not cation dehydration, but rather the spatial configuration of carbonate anions creates the barrier in the low-temperature nucleation of magnesite. [8] Magnesite has been found in modern sediments, caves and soils.
It is the most common cave carbonate after calcite and aragonite. [2] The mineral thermally decomposes, [5] [6] over a temperature range of approximately 220 °C to 550 °C, releasing water and carbon dioxide leaving a magnesium oxide residue. Hydromagnesite was first described in 1836 for an occurrence in Hoboken, New Jersey. [3]
Dypingite is a hydrated magnesium carbonate mineral with the formula: Mg 5 (CO 3) 4 (OH) 2 ·5H 2 O. Its type locality is the Dypingdal serpentine-magnesite deposit, Snarum, Norway. Synthethic dypingite is known as heavy magnesium carbonate.
Nesquehonite is a mineral of magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3).It represents the trihydrate of magnesium carbonate, and has the total formula MgCO 3 ·3H 2 O . [2] It was described in 1890 by F. A. Genth and S. L. Penfield and is named after its type locality of Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania, where it was sampled from a coal mine. [2]
Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, usually hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of OH −, F − and Cl − ion, respectively, in the crystal. The formula of the admixture of the three most common endmembers is written as Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH,F,Cl) 2, and the crystal unit cell formulae of the individual ...