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(a) Whoever— (1) having knowingly accessed a computer without authorization or exceeding authorized access, and by means of such conduct having obtained information that has been determined by the United States Government pursuant to an Executive order or statute to require protection against unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national defense or foreign relations, or any restricted data ...
The Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section (CCIPS) is a section of the Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice in charge of investigating computer crime (hacking, viruses, worms) and intellectual property crime.
The right to privacy is protected also by more than 600 laws in the states and by a dozen federal laws, like those protecting health and student information, also limiting electronic surveillance. [46] As of 2022 however, only five states had data privacy laws. [47]
The law prohibits unauthorized obtaining of "information from any protected computer if the conduct involved an interstate or foreign communication," [3] and makes it a felony [4] to intentionally transmit malware to a protected computer if more than $5000 in damage (such as to the integrity of data) were to result.
A computer trespass is defined as accessing a computer without proper authorization and gaining financial information, information from a department or agency from any protected computer. [1] Each state has its own laws regarding computer trespassing but they all echo the federal act in some manner.
Computer fraud is the use of computers, the Internet, Internet devices, and Internet services to defraud people or organizations of resources. [1] In the United States, computer fraud is specifically proscribed by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), which criminalizes computer-related acts under federal jurisdiction and directly combats the insufficiencies of existing laws.
A cybersecurity regulation comprises directives that safeguard information technology and computer systems with the purpose of forcing companies and organizations to protect their systems and information from cyberattacks like viruses, worms, Trojan horses, phishing, denial of service (DOS) attacks, unauthorized access (stealing intellectual property or confidential information) and control ...
To protect the privacy and liberty rights of individuals, federal agencies must state "the authority (whether granted by statute, or by Executive order of the President) which authorizes the solicitation of the information and whether disclosure of such information is mandatory or voluntary" when requesting information.