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Binding energy per nucleon for a selection of nuclides. The nuclide with the highest value, 62 Ni, does not appear. The horizontal lines are at 8 and 8.5 MeV. In the periodic table of elements, the series of light elements from hydrogen up to sodium is observed to exhibit generally increasing binding energy per nucleon as the atomic mass ...
Nickel-62 is an isotope of nickel having 28 protons and 34 neutrons.. It is a stable isotope, with the highest binding energy per nucleon of any known nuclide (8.7945 MeV). [1] [2] It is often stated that 56 Fe is the "most stable nucleus", but only because 56 Fe has the lowest mass per nucleon (not binding energy per nucleon) of all nuclides.
Nickel-62 has the highest binding energy per nucleon of any isotope for any element, when including the electron shell in the calculation. More energy is released forming this isotope than any other, although fusion can form heavier isotopes. For instance, two 40 Ca atoms can fuse to form 80 Kr
Nickel-62 has the highest binding energy per nucleon of any nuclide: 8.7946 MeV/nucleon. [28] [29] Its binding energy is greater than both 56 Fe and 58 Fe, more abundant nuclides often incorrectly cited as having the highest binding energy. [30]
The atomic binding energy of the atom is the energy required to disassemble an atom into free electrons and a nucleus. [4] It is the sum of the ionization energies of all the electrons belonging to a specific atom. The atomic binding energy derives from the electromagnetic interaction of the electrons with the nucleus, mediated by photons.
For very small atomic mass number (H, He, Li), binding energy per nucleon is small, and this energy increases rapidly with atomic mass number. Nickel-62 (28 protons, 34 neutrons) has the highest mean binding energy of all nuclides, while iron-58 (26 protons, 32 neutrons) and iron-56 (26 protons, 30 neutrons) are a close second and third. [13]
The binding energy per nucleon increases with atomic number to a broad plateau around A = 60, then declines. [15] If a nucleus can be split into two parts that have a lower total energy (a consequence of the mass defect resulting from greater binding energy), it is unstable.
It is also the isotope with the lowest mass per nucleon, 930.412 MeV/c 2, though not the isotope with the highest nuclear binding energy per nucleon, which is nickel-62. [7] However, because of the details of how nucleosynthesis works, 56 Fe is a more common endpoint of fusion chains inside supernovae, where it is mostly produced as 56 Ni.