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The words "microtone" and "microtonal" were coined before 1912 by Maud MacCarthy Mann in order to avoid the misnomer "quarter tone" when speaking of the srutis of Indian music. [2] Prior to this time the term "quarter tone" was used, confusingly, not only for an interval actually half the size of a semitone, but also for all intervals ...
The word maqam in Arabic means place, location or position. The Arabic maqam is a melody type. It is "a technique of improvisation" that defines the pitches, patterns, and development of a piece of music and is "unique to Arabic art music". [1] There are 72 heptatonic tone rows or scales of maqamat. [1]
The earliest use I have found so far of the word "microtone" is in 1912 (two years before the earliest citation in the OED), but the article disparages the "widespread use" of the word. This suggests that, amongst ethnomusicologists at least, by 1912 "microtonal" and/or "microtonality" had already been in use for some time.
Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or to inflect words. [1] All oral languages use pitch to express emotional and other para-linguistic information and to convey emphasis, contrast and other such features in what is called intonation, but not all languages use tones to distinguish words or their inflections, analogously ...
A semitone is thus made of two steps, and three steps make a three-quarter tone or neutral second, half of a minor third. The 8-TET scale is composed of three-quarter tones. Four steps make a whole tone. Quarter tones and intervals close to them also occur in a number of other equally tempered tuning systems.
One of the main uses of the nay is for the most original form of the traditional performance ‘falaki’. These are brief melodic sessions which can express complaints against destiny, the injustice of heaven or exile to distant places, and sentiments such as the sorrow of a mother separated from her daughter, the sorrow of a lover torn from ...
Recent research has more precisely defined the term shruti, its difference from nada and swara, and identified positions on a string to play 22 shrutis. [6] [7] [8] The most well-known example of shrutis is probably the use of the ati-komal (extra flat) gandhar in raga Darbari. Others include the rishabh in Bhairav, the nishad in Bhimpalasi and ...
The frontmost key is used, in addition to the thumb key, to create G ♭ 2 and G ♭ 3; on many bassoons this key operates a different tone hole to the thumb key and produces a slightly flatter F ♯ ("duplicated F ♯ "); some techniques use one as standard for both octaves and the other for utility, but others use the thumb key for the lower ...