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It is interconnected as a single phase-locked 50 Hz mains frequency electricity grid that supplies over 400 million customers in 24 countries, including most of the European Union. In 2009, 667 GW of production capacity was connected to the grid, providing approximately 80 GW of operating reserve margin. [ 1 ]
50 Hz Nominal voltage is 230/400 V; in practice 240/415 V is more commonly used. Austria: C F ÖVE-IG/EN 50075 ÖVE/ÖNORM E 8620 230 V 400 V 50 Hz Azerbaijan: C, F 220 V 380 V 50 Hz Bahamas: A, B 120 V 208 V 60 Hz Bahrain: G 230 V 400 V 50 Hz Bangladesh: A, C, D, G 220 V 380 V 50 Hz Barbados: A, B 115 V 200 V 50 Hz Belarus
The waveform of 230 V and 50 Hz compared with 120 V and 60 Hz. The utility frequency, (power) line frequency (American English) or mains frequency (British English) is the nominal frequency of the oscillations of alternating current (AC) in a wide area synchronous grid transmitted from a power station to the end-user.
A 50 Hz ±5 Hz vibrating-reed mains frequency meter for 220 V. The world's first public electricity supply was a water wheel driven system constructed in the small English town of Godalming in 1881. It was an alternating current (AC) system using a Siemens alternator supplying power for both street lights and consumers at two voltages, 250 V ...
For timekeeping purposes, over the course of a day the operating frequency will be varied so as to balance out deviations and to prevent line-operated clocks from gaining or losing significant time by ensuring there are 4.32 million on 50 Hz, and 5.184 million cycles on 60 Hz systems each day.
The National Grid covers most of mainland Great Britain and several of the surrounding islands, and there are interconnectors to Northern Ireland and to other European countries. Power is supplied to consumers at 230 volts AC with a frequency of 50 Hz .
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Some lines in the United States have been electrified at 12.5 kV 60 Hz or converted from 11 kV 25 Hz to 12.5 kV 60 Hz. Use of 60 Hz allows direct supply from the 60 Hz utility grid yet does not require the larger wire clearance for 25 kV 60 Hz or require dual-voltage capability for trains also operating on 11 kV 25 Hz lines.