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  2. Pantoprazole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantoprazole

    Wyeth pantoprazole 20 mg (Protonix®) Vial of generic pantoprazole for IV administration. The mechanism of action of pantoprazole is to inhibit the final step in gastric acid production. [15] In the gastric parietal cell of the stomach, pantoprazole covalently binds to the H+/K+ ATP pump to inhibit gastric acid and basal acid secretion. [15]

  3. Cholinergic blocking drug - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_blocking_drug

    Slow down Myopia progression in children. New off-label treatment; Animal studies showed dopamine and DOPAC increase in the chick retina, important in ocular growth and myopia development. [9] Acute symptomatic bradycardia. Increase heart rate, improve signs and symptoms; First-line treatment; Intravenous administration [10] Belladonna alkaloid

  4. Proton-pump inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-pump_inhibitor

    The rate of omeprazole absorption is decreased by concomitant food intake. [79] In addition, the absorption of lansoprazole and esomeprazole is decreased and delayed by food. It has been reported, however, that these pharmacokinetic effects have no significant impact on efficacy.

  5. Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_development...

    Pantoprazole was first prepared in April 1985 by a small group of scale-up chemists. It is a dimethoxy-substituted pyridine bound to a fluoroalkoxy substituted benzimidazole. [5] Pantoprazole sodium is available as gastroresistant or delayed release tablets and as lyophilized powder for intravenous use.

  6. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscarinic_acetylcholine...

    [13] [14] In the heart, this contributes to a decreased heart rate. They do so by the G βγ subunit of the G protein; G βγ shifts the open probability of K + channels in the membrane of the cardiac pacemaker cells, which causes an outward current of potassium, effectively hyperpolarizing the membrane, which slows down the heart rate.

  7. Intravenous therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous_therapy

    Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.The intravenous route of administration is commonly used for rehydration or to provide nutrients for those who cannot, or will not—due to reduced mental states or otherwise—consume food or water by mouth.

  8. Intraosseous infusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraosseous_infusion

    Intraosseous access has roughly the same absorption rate as IV access, and allows for fluid resuscitation. For example, sodium bicarbonate can be administered IO during a cardiac arrest when IV access is unavailable. [1] High flow rates are attainable with an IO infusion, up to 125 milliliters per minute.

  9. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy

    Beta blockers are considered first-line agents, as they can slow down the heart rate and decrease the likelihood of ectopic beats. For people who cannot tolerate beta blockers, nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers such as verapamil can be used, but are potentially harmful in people who also have low blood pressure or severe shortness of ...