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Palatal expander in mixed dentition. Rapid palatal expansion (RPE) or Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) is an expansion technique where expansion of 0.5 mm to 1 mm is achieved each day until the posterior crossbite is relieved. The expander works by turning a key inside the center of the expander.
These appliances can be used to achieve expansion in the maxillary arch; there are devices for mandibular expansion or lower expansion too. In past many years, different types of appliances have been made. These types are: tissue-borne, tooth-borne, slow maxillary expansion, rapid maxillary expansion, and bone-anchored.
Emerson fitted this patient with an appliance in his maxillary arch and gave patients instructions to turn the screw every day. Emerson claimed that expansion was achieved in 2 weeks by separation of maxilla along the Midpalatal suture. Dr. Angell faced much criticism from people in the field of dentistry at that point. [5]
Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE), also known as surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME), [1] is a technique in the field of orthodontics which is used to expand the maxillary arch. This technique is a combination of both Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics.
A removable appliance is usually used by patients who have high degree of compliance with their orthodontic treatment. Fixed appliances are able to produce very accurate movement in the teeth [1] Both fixed and removable functional appliances can be used to correct a malocclusion in three planes: Anterior-Posterior, Vertical and Transverse.
Upper and Lower Jaw Functional Expanders. There is a totally different orthodontics approach without extraction and pain, is called functional orthodontics, the functional orthodontic technology is different and called functional appliance, that is an appliance that produces all or part of its effect by altering the position of the mandible/maxilla.
Fan rapid palatal expander in cleft palate prior to alveolar cleft grafting. In cleft lip and palate cases, the maxilla is typically narrow compared to the lower jaw and must be expanded outward. An expansion appliance is placed in the maxilla 6–9 months prior to correct any crossbite or upper arch constriction. [3]
However, many other studies have showed that TPA cannot provide absolute anchorage to prevent mesial movement of the posterior molars. Baccetti et al. (2011) showed that the TPA could be used in the absence of Rapid Maxillary Expander. In these cases, the patients have palatally displaced canine teeth which do not require expansion. [3]