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Ketosis is a metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine. Physiological ketosis is a normal response to low glucose availability. . In physiological ketosis, ketones in the blood are elevated above baseline levels, but the body's acid–base homeostasis is maintain
An example of a positive Seliwanoff’s test. Seliwanoff’s test is a chemical test which distinguishes between aldose and ketose sugars. If the sugar contains a ketone group, it is a ketose. If a sugar contains an aldehyde group, it is an aldose. This test relies on the principle that, when heated, ketoses are more rapidly dehydrated than ...
Positive result on a Ketostix test strip, which is specialized for measuring ketones. Ketone bodies are products of fat breakdown. When the body relies on fats, rather than carbohydrates, as its main energy source, increased levels of ketones occur in the blood and urine. The presence of detectable levels of ketones in the urine is called ...
As glycogen stores start to be depleted, the liver begins oxidizing fatty acids to ultimately yield ketone bodies, which can serve as an alternative fuel source for the brain in the absence of glucose. [3] Therefore, the combination of low glucose (hypoglycemia) and the presence of ketone bodies yields the state known as ketotic hypoglycemia.
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It is seen in conditions in which the body produces excess ketones as an indication that it is using an alternative source of energy. It is seen during starvation or more commonly in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Production of ketone bodies is a normal response to a shortage of glucose, meant to provide an alternate source of fuel from fatty acids.
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The concentration of ketone bodies in blood is maintained around 1 mg/dL. Their excretion in urine is very low and undetectable by routine urine tests (Rothera's test). [18] When the rate of synthesis of ketone bodies exceeds the rate of utilization, their concentration in blood increases; this is known as ketonemia.
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