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Renal cysts are classified by malignant risk using the Bosniak classification system. The system was created by Morton Bosniak (1929–2016), a faculty member at the New York University Langone Medical Center in New York City. [1] The Bosniak classification categorizes renal cysts into five groups. [2]
The Bosniak classification is divided into four groups going from I, corresponding to a simple cyst, to IV, corresponding to a cyst with solid parts and an 85–100% risk of malignancy. [1] In polycystic kidney disease, multiple cysts of varying size in close contact with each other are seen filling virtually the entire renal region.
A Korean study estimated a disease-specific overall five-year survival rate of 85%. [109] Taken as a whole, if the disease is limited to the kidney, only 20–30% develop metastatic disease after nephrectomy. [110] More specific subsets show a five-year survival rate of around 90–95% for tumors less than 4 cm. For larger tumors confined to ...
This page was last edited on 7 February 2017, at 13:05 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
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The overall five-year survival rate is 75% in the United States, 71% in Canada, 70% in China, and 60% in Europe. [4] [9] [10] [11] For cancers that are confined to the kidney, the five-year survival rate is 93%, if it has spread to the surrounding lymph nodes it is 70%, and if it has spread widely, it is 12%. [4]
Accused murderer Luigi Mangione’s grandmother reportedly left tens of millions of dollars to her children and grandchildren after she died, but did so on one condition: that any grandchild ...